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- <text id=89TT2708>
- <title>
- Oct. 16, 1989: In The School Of Democracy
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
- Oct. 16, 1989 The Ivory Trail
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 44
- SOVIET UNION
- In the School of Democracy
- </hdr><body>
- <p>Legislators learn about compromise in dealing with strikes
- </p>
- <p>By Ann Blackman/MOSCOW
- </p>
- <p> This winter may be bleaker than usual in the U.S.S.R. With
- cold weather fast approaching and an increasingly militant labor
- force threatening to paralyze the transportation system,
- supplies of food and fuel could be in jeopardy. Soviet leaders
- reacted with old-style authority by proposing sweeping emergency
- measures: a ban on all strikes for 15 months and deployment of
- troops to break an Azerbaijani blockade of Armenia. But after
- a dramatic all-night debate, legislators in the Supreme Soviet
- did what not so long ago was unthinkable. They rebuffed the
- strike proposal as "unconstitutional" and voted instead to put
- strict limits only on work stoppages that affect critical
- industries. Said Leningrad Deputy Anatoli Sobchak, a reformist:
- "We just spent a couple days in the school of democracy. And all
- the talk led somewhere."
- </p>
- <p> For Soviet lawmakers, it was a unique lesson in the art of
- compromise. President Mikhail Gorbachev, who supported the
- emergency-powers proposal, had opened the session with an
- emotional address, telling the legislature that work stoppages
- are "holding our reforms by the throat." What followed was an
- often fiery, unprecedented debate as politicians clashed over
- the need for such draconian measures. At one point, Gorbachev
- yelled at the unruly Deputies, "We're not in a stadium! We're
- in the Supreme Soviet!"
- </p>
- <p> Gorbachev's concern over labor unrest is well grounded.
- Since last July, when Soviet coal miners went on a three-week
- strike to protest their squalid living conditions and the
- government caved in to their demands, long-suffering Soviet
- workers have found work stoppages a potent weapon. So have
- restive national groups. For more than a month, railways have
- been blocked between the tiny Caucasus republics of Azerbaijan
- and Armenia, which are battling for control of the disputed
- enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh. The blockade has severely curtailed
- supplies of food, medicine and gasoline in Armenia. Last week
- coal miners in the Ukrainian town of Chervonograd held a brief
- warning strike to demand immediate implementation of government
- pledges to raise wages and improve conditions. When one Minister
- called for postponing the expensive concessions, Prime Minister
- Nikolai Ryzhkov rejected the proposal. "The government must keep
- its word," he said. Soviet legislators are concerned that if
- such strikes continue or spread, they could push the shaky
- Soviet economy to total collapse.
- </p>
- <p> Despite Gorbachev's original inclination to take quick and
- drastic action, he hesitated to go as far as some had demanded,
- and initiated the bargaining session that sharply reduced the
- scope of the emergency plan. After the vote, Gorbachev seemed
- to recognize that he had presided over a new chapter in Soviet
- history. "I think we've done the right thing," he said. Even the
- more moderate measures may help cool the rash of strikes. More
- important, one of Gorbachev's crucial reforms seemed to be
- working: an elected legislature had debated and bargained its
- way to a sensible compromise. Just how much respite the
- decision will bring the Soviet Union's battered economy is
- another matter. The rail blockade of Armenia was broken last
- week when Soviet troops escorted in shipments of food, fuel and
- other vital supplies. But leaders of the Popular Front in
- Azerbaijan threatened a general strike if the military tries to
- take over the railways.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
-
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